Search results for "SMALL RNAS"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
MicroRNAs: Promising New Antiangiogenic Targets in Cancer
2014
[EN] MicroRNAs are one class of small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs that are approximately 22 nucleotides in length; they are very numerous, have been phylogenetically conserved, and involved in biological processes such as development, differentiation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. MicroRNAs contribute to modulating the expression levels of specific proteins based on sequence complementarity with their target mRNA molecules and so they play a key role in both health and disease. Angiogenesis is the process of new blood vessel formation from preexisting ones, which is particularly relevant to cancer and its progression. Over the last few years, microRNAs have emerged as critical regulat…
Small RNA‐binding protein RapZ mediates cell envelope precursor sensing and signaling in Escherichia coli
2019
Abstract The RNA‐binding protein RapZ cooperates with small RNAs (sRNAs) GlmY and GlmZ to regulate the glmS mRNA in Escherichia coli. Enzyme GlmS synthesizes glucosamine‐6‐phosphate (GlcN6P), initiating cell envelope biosynthesis. GlmZ activates glmS expression by base‐pairing. When GlcN6P is ample, GlmZ is bound by RapZ and degraded through ribonuclease recruitment. Upon GlcN6P depletion, the decoy sRNA GlmY accumulates through a previously unknown mechanism and sequesters RapZ, suppressing GlmZ decay. This circuit ensures GlcN6P homeostasis and thereby envelope integrity. In this work, we identify RapZ as GlcN6P receptor. GlcN6P‐free RapZ stimulates phosphorylation of the two‐component sy…
Identification and Characterization of Stress-Responsive TAS3-Derived TasiRNAs in Melon
2019
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) are key regulators of gene expression that play essential roles in diverse biological processes. Trans-acting siRNAs (tasiRNAs) are a class of plant-endogenous siRNAs that lead the cleavage of non-identical transcripts. TasiRNAs are usually involved in fine-tuning development. However, increasing evidence supports that tasiRNAs may be involved in stress response. Melon is a crop of great economic importance extensively cultivated in semiarid regions frequently exposed to changing environmental conditions that limit its productivity. However, knowledge of the precise role of siRNAs in general, and of tasiRNAs in particular, in regulating the response to adverse…
I vari modi del DNA di “parlare” ai viventi fra ciò che già è noto e nuove scoperte
2018
A sessant’anni da quando Francis Crick enunciò il “dogma centrale della biologia molecolare” molte scoperte e nuove frontiere si sono avvicendate sulla questione “funzionale” di un genoma, cioè di come un DNA “parla” ai viventi. Oggi è abbastanza noto come un genoma “è”, ed occuparsi solo di questa questione strutturale ormai è sicuramente molto riduttivo, almeno sicuramente per quello umano. È invece il goal standard di questi anni scoprire come e quando un genoma si esprime, come funzio-nalmente traduce il suo messaggio rendendo questo visibile nei fe-notipi dei viventi, a prescindere dalla sua sequenza primaria di basi azotate. Ne consegue che il codice genetico, ancora valido e quasi un…